Critically Thinking About Ethics and Assessment Essay

1. The four basic territories that are tended to in these gauges incorporate creating and choosing proper tests, regulating and scoring tests, detailing and deciphering test results, and illuminating test takers. The two center gatherings are the test engineers and test clients. Test engineers are individuals and associations that build tests and set approaches for testing programs while test clients are the individuals who choose and direct tests, commission test advancement administrations, and settle on choices dependent on the grades. As a future instructor, advisor, or social specialist, I imagine that I would fit the meaning of test clients since I would lead tests and settling on choices from the consequences of the tests. 2. I accept that the most significant issue among the rules for suitable mental appraisal with regards to kids and young people would be 9. 03-b. It states, â€Å"Psychologists educate people with sketchy ability to assent or for whom testing is ordered by law or legislative guidelines about the nature and motivation behind the proposed appraisal administrations, utilizing language that is sensibly justifiable to the individual being surveyed. † This is significant in light of the fact that youngsters who might experience testing need to see unmistakably what they are going to experience, just as the reasons with regards to why they should be evaluated. They should be conversed with in a language and level where they can settle on a choice whether to offer agree to the evaluation. 3. The principal rule, which is â€Å"Protection Against High-Stakes Decisions Based on a Single Test† is significant in light of the fact that it expresses that understudies ought to have the assurance of not being passed judgment on dependent on a solitary grade. A solitary grade doesn't demonstrate that much and understudies ought to be assessed dependent on a progression of tests. It is not out of the question that they be given numerous odds to demonstrate what they are equipped for as understudies. 4. In the â€Å"Screening and Assessment of Young English-Language Learners,† it is expressed that the job of the family in the appraisal of youthful English-language students is significant. Youthful understudies need the help that they can get from their families so they can get positive about learning the language. Beside this, it is likewise significant for experts to advise the families regarding the students’ enhancements.

Financial Markets and Institutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Money related Markets and Institutions - Essay Example (Govori, 2005) The money related market is separated among speculators and budgetary establishments. Money related foundations are associations, which go about as operators, agents, and mediators in monetary exchanges - typically a bank that keeps authority of a speculation or resources. Operators and agents contract for the benefit of others while go-betweens sell for their own record. For instance, a stockbroker purchases and sells stocks for us as our specialist, yet an investment funds and advance acquires our cash (bank account) and loans it to other people (contract credit). The stockbroker is delegated a specialist and representative, and investment funds and credit is known as a money related middle person. Intermediaries and reserve funds and advances, similar to every single money related organization, purchase and sell protections, yet they are arranged independently, in light of the fact that the essential action of dealers is purchasing and selling as opposed to purchasing and holding a venture portfolio. Money related organizations are arranged by their essential action, in spite of the fact that they regularly take part in covering exercises. The kinds of instruments traded in budgetary markets incorporate promissory notes, business bills or bank-acknowledged bills. Different kinds of protections incorporate treasury notes gave by an administration, business papers and authentications of stores. For what reason do we need money related markets and organizations One of the characteristic indications of a vigorous economy is a powerful trade or course of cash by business and government exercises. This is the place the money related markets assume a huge job. Monetary markets encourage the development of assets from the individuals who set aside cash (which means inactive cash) to the individuals who put cash in capital resources. Money related markets prepare reserves and reallocate them to utilizes that produce preferred returns over can be accomplished by the holders of the assets through protections exchanged the monetary markets. Shortsightedly, they give an advantageous spot where savers can securely put away abundance cash and buyers can without much of a stretch acquire reserves and be utilized for different purposes to additionally fuel the economy of a country. What job do they play in a country's economy The monetary markets and establishments play various significant jobs in the money related framework. The budgetary markets value reserves with the goal that organizations and governments can make normal monetary designations of capital. Business or potentially government may settle on a period design for consumptions that doesn't really harmonize with their present or expected pay streams. Monetary markets permit time modifications in the installments for products. Without them, there would be no chance to acquire enthusiasm on reserve funds, and consumptions would be constrained to current receipts and money. Reserve funds permits numerous shoppers to defer utilization and to get comes back from speculations. Another significant capacity of money related markets is that it conveys monetary dangers. For a bigger scope, the money related markets move the gigantic dangers from individuals really playing out the work to savers who acknowledge the danger of a dubious return. The possibility of disappointment for a $500 million PC chips maker might be partitioned among a great many speculators living and working everywhere throughout the world. In the event that the PC chips business falls flat, every financial specialist loses just piece of their

5 (+3) Books to Watch For in October

5 (+3) Books to Watch For in October October is my favourite, you guys. Its the month of pumpkin spice lattes, cold evenings and sunny mornings, and Thanksgiving (the real one). Its when rainy weekends and early nights start to dissolve the feeling that we should all be DOING SOMETHING. We retreat to our reading nooks and cuddle up for the long fall reading season. As the inimitable Anne Shirley once said, Im so glad I  live in a world where there are Octobers. Heres what publishing is cooking up for you this month, cats and kittens. Carry On by Rainbow Rowell (October 6, St. Martins Griffin) In her NA juggernaut  Fangirl, Rainbow Rowell introduced us to the Simon Snow fandom by way of Cath Avery, a fanfic-penning internet star. Caths thing is writing Simon/Baz slash fiction a world that simultaneously empowers her and allows her to hide from real life. Through Caths eyes, Simon Snow is a kind of snarky, queer revisiting of Harry Potter, and hes deeply compelling. Now Rowell  gives us the canon to Caths fanon with her newest novel Carry On gives us  the Simon/Baz story in its entirety, and Rowell promises lots of talking and kissing, but also magic, monsters and ghosts. Is there a more perfect October blend? I teach  Fangirl in my introductory fandom class, and many of my students are just dying to read more about the wizard school that isnt Harry Potter indeed, that isnt like any wizarding world weve known before. I know I am, too. Mighty, Mighty by Wally Rudolph (October 13, Soft Skull Press) A gritty urban tale of poverty, violence, and the desperate need to overcome both,  Mighty, Mighty centres on two women   tattoo artist Stefy and her younger sister Amanda who, in trying to separate Amanda from her addictive, abusive life with Georgie find themselves in the crosshairs of Georgies crooked ex-cop father. The characters are rendered powerless by poverty and a corrupt system, and Wally Rudolphs depictions of Chicago are stark and unsettling, but his characters are authentic and impossible to forget.  This is a finely crafted novel, rhythmic and flowing, from a writer to watch (and you literally can watch him Rudolph is also an actor, with credits on shows like  Sons of Anarchy and  Street Kings). The Hours Count by Jillian Cantor (October 20, Riverhead Books) I have a real weakness for Cold War-era spy stories, and for historical fiction, so this tale of Millie Stein, the neighbour to Julius and Ethel Rosenberg left their children with on the day Ethel was arrested in 1950, has me captivated. Millie is a trusting and naive protagonist, and Jillian Cantor does a beautiful job of juxtaposing the domestic life Millie intends to live and the quite friendship built on motherhood she shares with Ethel with the swirling political intrigue blowing up around her. As she struggles to make the right choices and choose her actions out of love, Cantor asks us to wrestle with very serious questions about what it means to trust, what it means to be honest, and what it meant to be a Jewish woman during the Cold War in New York City. Two Brothers by Gabriel Bá and Fabio Moon (October 27, Dark Horse) Twin brothers Omar and Yaqub look alike, but they arent and when Yaqub is sent away to Lebanon for five years after a violent altercation with his brother, he returns home more different still. A stranger to his family and his home, Yaqub is forced to tackle the unfinished business he has with Omar against a backdrop of identity politics and the meaning of blood ties. And at the comics core, Brazil becomes a character and a personality to be defined and understood through the relationships of the characters. Brazils most celebrated comics creators, Gabriel Bá and Fabio Moon, collaborate on this incredible re-imagining of Milton Hatoums novel about the jealousy and power of a mothers love and the troubling limits of  brotherly love. The Givenness of Things by Marilynne Robinson (October 27, Farrar, Strauss, and Giroux) Here at Book Riot, a new offering from Marilynne Robinson is a joy forever. In this collection of essays, Robinson turns her eye and her pen to substantive cultural criticism, demanding that we pursue progress without losing sight of our intrinsic humanity. With her deft prose, she explores the thinkers who have impacted the way we see the world, questions the mysteries of faith, and challenges the structures that have created a social and cultural elite. But she does it all with an inherent hopefulness, born out of a sense of humanitys demonstrated  ability to overcome the challenges that might destroy us. This book is both critical and uplifting. And it will make you think deeply and long the perfect fuel for the long evenings of October. And Im ending this post with memoirs from three amazing women that are all coming out this month. You owe it to yourself to read: M Train by Patti Smith (October 6, Knopf) Hunger Makes Me a Modern Girl by Carrie Brownstein (October 27, Riverhead Books) My Life on the Road by Gloria Steinem (October 27, Random House) Patti Smith is an artist and poet, Carrie Brownstein a performer, and Gloria Steinem a feminist activist. Taken together, these three books paint a startling portrait of what it means to be a woman in the spotlight, and what it means to stand up for your own voice and the voices of others. All three memoirs are compelling and evocative in their own rights, but reading them together reframed my understanding of feminism in unexpected ways. I cant wait for you to truly meet these women. What are you looking forward to this month? Join me in the comments to discuss.

Cause and Effect Essay Tv - 1594 Words

It often seems like everywhere one looks, violence is there rearing its ugly head. We see it in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. The last of these is a major source of violence. In many peoples living rooms there sits an outlet for violence that often goes unnoticed. It is the television, and many parents use it as a cheap babysitter for their children when there are busy doing chores or out running errands. Children who view it are often pulled into its realistic world of violence scenes with sometimes devastating results. Much research has gone into showing why children are so mesmerized by this big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that it is definitely a major source of†¦show more content†¦Instead of just seeing a police officer handing a ticket to a speeding violator, he can beat the offender bloody on television. However, children do not always realize that this is not the way things are handled in real life. They come to expect it, and when they dont see it the world becomes bland and in need of violence. The children then can create the violence that their mind craves. The television violence can cause actual violence in a number of ways. As explained above, after viewing television violence the world becomes boring in comparison. The child needs to create violence to keep him satisfied. Also the children find the violent characters on television fun to imitate. Children do imitate the behavior of models such as those portrayed in television, movies, etc. They do so because the ideas that are shown to them on television are more attractive to the viewer than those the viewer can think up himself. This has been widely seen lately with the advent of the Mighty Morphing Power Rangers. Young children cannot seem to get enough of these fictional characters and they often portray them and their violent actions. Another reason why television causes violence in children is apparent in the big citi es. Aggressive behavior was more acceptable in the city, where a childs popularity rating with classmates was not hampered by his orShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Obesity On The Health Organization905 Words   |  4 Pageskg/m^(-2) are considered obese. Obesity can be the main cause of many cardiovascular diseases. This severe issue can be caused by many factors, and even though there are some unpreventable causes like genetics, this essay is going to focus on some of preventable causes only. In the following paragraphs, a brief information of obesity effects are to be presented, and three causes are going to presented along with solutions for each cause. The three causes of obesity are some biological enhanced food, lackRead MoreTopics for Cause and Effect Essays702 Words   |  3 Pages Cause and Effect Essay Topics A cause and effect essay aims at explaining the reasons and results of an event or situation. †¢ It is one the most popular essay types in the academic world. †¢ It is beneficial for a student to write a cause and effect essay because it propels him to think of the situation in depth to come up with the reasons for the birth of that situation and its eventual impact on everything it affects. †¢ It encourages the mind to think analytically and investigate a situationRead MoreThe Effects Of Obesity On People, Cancers And Type 2 Diabetes1252 Words   |  6 Pagesthis matter. This essay is going to discuss the bad effects of obesity on people, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers and type-2 diabetes. Then, this essay will talk about the causes, and how junk food and bad diet can cause obesity. The causes of obesity are lack of exercise or inactivity and genetic genes as according to (Ebbeling, et al, (2002)), obesity can be caused due to genes, which is an unpreventable cause. Finally, this essay will give solutions for these causes and recommend someRead MoreStephen King Why We Crave Horror Movies Analysis799 Words   |  4 Pageshave both positive and negative effects on those who frequently enjoy them. According to Stephen King’s essay, â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies† those who seek out scary movies are simply doing so to gain a release from the real world. In opposition, Bernie DeGroat author of the essay â€Å"Scary Movies Can Have Lasting Effects on Children and Teens† presents study findings that horror and violent films may be detrimental to the development of a young person. Stephen King’s essay, â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies†Read MoreTv Addiction822 Words   |  4 PagesIn her essay, Tv Addiction, Marie Winn compares television addiction to other harmful habits, and tries to convince the reader that heavy television viewing is as harmful as drug and alcohol, and it should not be viewed differently than other serious addictions. In fact, the most important factor that backs up her argument is her simplified definition for the word addiction, which is a tendency to overindulge in some pleasurable activity. (608) However, thinking logically, we could seeRead MoreMedia Violence And The Effect It Has On Actual Behavior1500 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative essay Title: Media Violence And The Effect It Has On Actual Behaviour. While many argue that film violence has little or no influence on actual behaviour, this essay will argue that media violence has a direct influence on actual behaviour in adolescence and adults. The main ideas I will put forward are. How Media Violence Increases Children’s tolerance of Real-Life Aggression, Violence Exposure in real-life, Violent Film Characters and their portrayal of violent acts, the effects of violenceRead MoreMedia Effects On The Media Essay1273 Words   |  6 Pagestelevision (TV), however many experts feel we are constantly affected by the media whether we think we are or not. Theorists believe that too much media exposure can lead to knowledge, attitudes or behavioural changes within a society, this is called ‘media effects’ (Kuehn, â€Å"Media Effects†). These media effects consists of several Paradigms, a Paradigm is described as â€Å"a typical pattern or model† (Kuehn, â€Å"Media Effects†). The Paradigms thi s essay will consist of are called the ‘New Effects Paradigm’Read More Entertainment verse Education Essay example651 Words   |  3 PagesEntertainment verse Education A well cultured and experienced mother, Karen Springen, writes on her experience and opinion of keeping children from watching television. In the short essay â€Å"Why We Turned Out† Springen employs rhetorical strategies such as logical appeal, diction and persona to identify her argument. Although her arguments holds legitimate reasons to kick the age old American habit of television watching; television will always be a valid social enhancer and a way for peopleRead MoreWatching Tv Is Bad for Children (Argumentative Essay)871 Words   |  4 PagesWatching TV is Bad for Children (Argumentative Essay) Today, people of different races and generations become victims of TV addiction. Some people watch television because they want to be updated about what is happening in the world. They want to be aware and get connected with different people all around the globe. Nowadays, not only adults and teenagers, but also children, get hooked on television. Because of the busy world people are living in today, parents do not have time to take care andRead MoreGay s Persuasive Essay : The Illusion Of Safety / The Safety Of Illusion1282 Words   |  6 PagesRoxane Gay’s persuasive essay, â€Å"The Illusion of Safety/The Safety of Illusion† is about trigger warnings in the media. Her argument in the essay is that trigger warnings in the media give a false sense of security to the people the warnings seek to shield. She explains how trigger warnings are futile because you cannot protect someone from their own self. She also proposes that as time goes on anything can have the potenti al to become a trigger to someone. Roxane Gay’s essay explores the topic of

Impact of Second Great Awakening on Modern Society

Impact of the Second Great Awakening in Modern-Day Society The Second Great Awakening laid the foundations of the development of present-day religious beliefs and establishments, moral views, and democratic ideals in the United States. Beginning back in late eighteenth century and lasting until the middle of the nineteenth century,1 this Protestant awakening sought to reach out the un-churched and bring people to a much more personal and vivid experience of Christianity. Starting on the Southern frontier and soon spreading to the Northeast, the Second Great Awakening has also been associated as a response against the growing liberalism in religion - skepticism, deism, and rational Christianity.2 Although the movement is well-known to be†¦show more content†¦Two of these denominations were the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and the African Methodist Episcopal. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - commonly known as Mormons was founded by Joseph Smith; he was inspired to create a new church faction by the revi vals he experienced in the western area of New York called the Burned Over District- implying it had been scorched by so many revivals. Although not regarded as a splinter off from an existing Protestant denomination but a restoration of primitive Christianity having distinctive post-biblical doctrines, the Mormon Church is now a flourishing, worldwide denomination. On the other hand, during the revivals, Baptists and Methodists converted large numbers of blacks. However, because of the mistreatment they received from their fellow believers, under the leadership of Richard Allen, the black population broke away from the Methodist church while creating their own denomination; the African Methodist Episcopal.10 Both churches mentioned above, having developed and sprouted out other denominations over the years, still stand even today. While new religious ideas fanned out and denominations proliferated, social activism, in response, also began to escalate. The Second Great Awakening stirred the initiation ofShow MoreRelatedSecond Great Awakening954 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"IN WHAT WAYS DID THE SECOND GREAT AWAKENING INFLUENCE AMERICAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE?† In the thirty year span between 1830 and 1860, the Second Great Awakening did much to change the modern American mind by sparking the abolitionist movement, empowering women (in their domestic sphere) and forming the cult of domesticity, partially fixing the corrupt government through the temperance movement, and in the creation of many utopian societies by radical religious populations. Puritanism was kickedRead MoreKate Chopin and How the Feminist Movement Inspired Her Writings1666 Words   |  7 Pageswell as short stories. Her work was extraordinary and some of her greatest work was based on the feminist movement. Kate Chopin became known throughout the world as one of the most influential writers during the feminist movement. She has attracted great attention from scholars along with students, and her work has been translated into many different languages. Kate Chopin was born February 8, 1851 in St. Louis. Her father was an Irish merchant and her mother was the daughter of an old French familyRead MoreOne Nation Under God: The Lasting Effects of the Second Great Awakening1803 Words   |  8 PagesProtestantism. Modern age Christians have scoured historical documents in an effort to provide evidence for a Judeo-Christian foundation in the nation’s republican framework. Likewise, their opponents have written lengthy dissertations and argued over various media outlets that Christian conclusions are unfounded. Yet despite their endless debate, religion, especially Christianity, has and continues to play a fundamental element of America’s cultural, societal, and political makeup. The Second Great AwakeningRead MoreEvangelicalism2149 Words   |  9 Pagesbe understood most clearly in the political, economic, and religious contexts of post-revolutionary American society. Although the movement would come to effect profound cha nges in its society it was very much in a sense that the culture had grown ripe for its emergence. The tension between the evangelical movement and the past movements radicalism and centrism suggests that American society was still very much in transition from one era to another: the Revolution was not yet complete. History: CausesRead MoreEvangelicalism Essay2137 Words   |  9 Pagesbe understood most clearly in the political, economic, and religious contexts of post-revolutionary American society. Although the movement would come to effect profound changes in its society it was very much in a sense that the culture had grown ripe for its emergence. The tension between the evangelical movement and the past movements radicalism and centrism suggests that American society was still very much in transition from one era to another: the Revolution was not yet complete. History: CausesRead MoreAp Pertinent Questions Essay1501 Words   |  7 Pagesthe nation’s elite. They had few schools open to the poor, but the education the poor received was inferior to that provided by most schools. 3. The â€Å"cultural independence† that Jeffersonian Americans sought another form of nationalism with great fervor. Winning political independence from Europe, they aspired to a form of cultural independence. In the process, they dreamed of American literary and artistic life that would rival the greatest achievements in Europe. Americans believed that theirRead MoreA Brief Note On Science And The Nineteenth Century1249 Words   |  5 Pagescomparison of faith and science have caused debate between our historians. However, they can agree that the nineteenth century was somewhat of a blurred line in American history to determine where the population’s allegiance laid. While the Second Great Awakening riled up a lot of devout Baptists and Methodists, science had also taken a toll with the Industrial Revolution. Which is still one of the most significant economic changes in American history to date. And although Darwin’s finds did notRead MoreRochester : New Transportation Routes1975 Words   |  8 Pagesneither their individual spiri tual states nor the shape of their society.† For the expansion itself was a result of man’s ability to shape his society and the second great awakening would help shape man’s spiritual state. It was old worn-out ideas like this that brought about by the market revolution, which gave rise to the need for a religious revival as a way to reestablish social control in the form of the second great awakening. These events were responsible for the rapid growth of RochesterRead MoreUnderstanding the Modern State of Christianity as Evangelicals1318 Words   |  5 PagesTo understand the modern state of Christianity as evangelicals, it is necessary to realize that there have been important changes to the point in which we are today (Fahrsh, 2006). Several doubts among believers existed and this resulted in the existence of many movements. Some of these movements include liberalism, neo orthodoxy and evangelical movement. Theological movements To begin with liberalism movement, it was more common in the 19th and 20th centuries. As the term â€Å"liberal† implies theRead MoreThe Positive Side Of Interpersonal Communication1126 Words   |  5 Pagesand how it relates to the human condition can create and destroy our environment depending on how we perceive it. In positive psychology, there are two forms of happiness: Hedonic and Eudemonic. The development of these two forms can lead to an awakening of ones self in order to enhance our interaction with others. First, let me define and describe with an example what each form is. â€Å"Hedonic happiness refers to â€Å"maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain. (pg. 5)† An example of this would typically

The Roman Government Free Essays

The Roman Government Latin Investigation By Abhishek Gambhir January 2013 The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com 1. Table of Contents 3. We will write a custom essay sample on The Roman Government or any similar topic only for you Order Now 4 5. 6. 7. 8. Introduction The Leaders Political Groups Monarchy to Republic Conclusion Bibliography Curia Julia The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com 2. Introduction I have chosen the government for my latin investigation for many reasons. The first and formost reason is that I am very interested in modern politics and how the government works and I thought it would be interesting if I resarched how the romans ruled and governed their country. On the front cover you will see an ancient coin with the letters SPQR on it. This would have stood for â€Å"Senatus Populusque Romanus† Which literarly translated as â€Å"The Senate and People of Rome. † These four letters were one of the most important symbols in roman life it was used as an official emblem of the modern day town of Rome. It appears on coins, at the end of important documents ,gravestones and was branded on the arms of the men in the Roman legions. SPQR on a Gravestone SPQR on a the base of a statue of Julius Caeser In the Table of Contents I hve incuded remains of the Roman senate houses. The one on the left is Curia Julia which was the third senate house to be named. It’s construction began in 44 BC by order of Julius Caeser but was interupted by his unfortunate assassination and was completed by Caesar’s successor Augustus in 29 BC. The Curia Julia is one of the only Roman structures to still be standing today. Throughout the Investigation I will look at different points abot what made the Roman government tick, compare it with modern times and give a personal response. So lets begin with†¦. The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com 3. The Emperor The Leaders The emperor was the general learder of Rome and was responsible for the city. I will be using Emperor Augustus as an example. The reign of augustus started on 16th January 27 BC. This marked the start of a new era known as the Pax Romana (The Roman Peace). By conquering Egypt, Dalmatia, Pannonia, Noricum, and Raetia, Augustus dramatically expanded the Roman emprie. Beyond the frontiers, he made peace with the Parthian Empire. He reformed the Roman system of taxing, developed networks of roads with an official courier system, established a standing army, established the Praetorian Guard(a force of bodyguards for the emperor), created official police and fire-fighting services for Rome, and rebuilt much of the city during his reign. Augustus died in 14 AD at the age of 75. He may have died from natural causes, although there were rumors that his wife Livia poisoned him. He was succeeded as Emperor by his adopted son Tiberius who can be seen at his feet in the statue. The Prime Minister Statue of Emperor Augustus As a comparison I will be talking about the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister, unlike the Roman emperor is bound to â€Å"cabinet responsibility† (making joint decisions). In Latin Prime Minister is â€Å"Primus inter pares† which means â€Å"first among equals. But something the Prime minister and the emperor do have in common is the secutrity. Only other politicians and close friends and family are allowed on downing street. Response The way the Leader operates in there two civilisations is very different. Personally I think that our way of handling things is a bit better because in todays day and age, without the proper security assassination would be common and countries would be thrown into chaos. The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com 4. Political Groups The Roman Senate The Roman Senate was a political organisation in ancient Rome. The word senate derives from the Latin word senex, which means â€Å"old man†. Therefore the word means â€Å"assembly of elders†. The senate was one of the most enduring establishments in Roman history. The Senate was founded 500 BC. The senate was mainly composed of very wealthy people who were called the aristocrates. Only a small number of roman people could become a senetor but once someone had become a senetor the could attend the senate until death. By the middle Republic, the Senate reached the pinnacle of its power. As you can see in the ancient painting everyone is wearing a white robe which symbolises power. The late Republic saw a rise in the Senate’s power, being led by Tiberius and Gaius Gracchi. British Political Parties As a comparison I will be looking at British political parties. A general election in Britian takes place every 4-5 years but in the Senate, senetors could stay until death once they were appointed. Also in Britian there are multiple political parties to give different viewpoints but in ancient Rome there was only the Senate. Response The way these political groups operate in thier respective civilisation is very different. Our system is democratic whereas the roman system is based on wealth and tradition. The Romans have a single party system and whilst this avoids some time being wasted it can make decisions very one sided. The British have a multi party sysetm and this gives more than one opinion on issues and lets the people side with who they want. I think Our system is better because It is less biased than the Romans way. The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com 5. Monarchy to Republic The Roman Republic The Roman Republic (Res-publica Romanorum) was the period of the ancient Roman civilization when the government operated as a republic. It started with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy which happened around 509 BC, and its replacement was government headed by two consuls, elected every year by the citizens and advised by the senate. A regular system, gradually developed over time. The leaders of the Republic developed a strong tradition and morality requiring public service and support in peace and war, making military and political success linked. despite the Republic’s struggle against any persons gain of permanent political powers, Roman politics was dominated by a small number of Roman leaders, their uneasy alliances punctuated by a series of civil wars. This eventually led to the republics demise. The Roman Republic was never restored, but neither was it abolished, so the exact date of the transition to the Roman Empire is unknown. Historians have proposed the appointment of Julius Caesar as perpetual dictator in 44 BC, the defeat of Mark Antony at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman Senate’s grant of extraordinary powers to under the first settlement as the defining event ending the Republic. Britains Switch As a comparison I will talk about when Britain moved from Monarchy to the system we are all familiar with today. In 1689,William III (and his wife Mary II) finally brought stability and the Bill of Rights was passed. This required all laws to be approved by Parliament, and for Parliament to be independant of the monarchy. By the time of Queen Victoria, the monarchy was no longer involved in politics, which became dominated by the Prime Minister. A series of Reform Acts from 1832 to 1928 would change the voting age to18. Response I think that the Republic system is alot bertter thant the moncrchy and that both civilisations were right in switching. It was just the bad times that the Roman republic did not last but in the modern day we all have a system that we are happy with. The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com 6. Conclusion In conclusion the Roman government was a very well working and very well organised system for the time when it existed. There are alot of ideas that we could take from the Roman system that could help make our one better. The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com Bibliography The Government of the Roman Empire Barbara Levick (Author) The Digest of Roman Law: Theft, Rapine, Damage and Insult Justinian (Author), C. Kolbert (Translator) Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire Simon Baker (Author) The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Edward Gibbon (Author) The Roman Government of Britain Anthony R. Birley http://jaysromanhistory. com/rome web/govt/early_govt. htm (Website) The High School of Glagow abhishekgambhir14@gmail. com 6. How to cite The Roman Government, Essay examples

The Anti-Trust Case Against Microsoft Essays (2570 words) - AOL

The Anti-Trust Case Against Microsoft Since 1990, a battle has raged in United States courts between the United States government and the Microsoft Corporation out of Redmond, Washington, headed by Bill Gates. What is at stake is money. The federal government maintains that Microsoft's monopolistic practices are harmful to United States citizens, creating higher prices and potentially downgrading software quality, and should therefore be stopped, while Microsoft and its supporters claim that they are not breaking any laws, and are just doing good business. Microsoft's antitrust problems began for them in the early months of 1990(Check 1), when the Federal Trade Commission began investigating them for possible violations of the Sherman and Clayton Antitrust Acts,(Maldoom 1) which are designed to stop the formation of monopolies. The investigation continued on for the next three years without resolve, until Novell, maker of DR-DOS, a competitor of Microsoft's MS-DOS, filed a complaint with the Competition Directorate of the European Commission in June of 1993.(Maldoom 1) Doing this stalled the investigations even more, until finally in August of 1993, (Check 1)the Federal Trade Commission decided to hand the case over to the Department of Justice. The Department of Justice moved quickly, with Anne K. Bingaman, head of the Antitrust Division of the DOJ, leading the way.(Check 1) The case was finally ended on July 15, 1994, with Microsoft signing a consent settlement.(Check 1) The settlement focused on Microsoft's selling practices with computer manufacturers. Up until now, Microsoft would sell MS-DOS and Microsoft's other operating systems to original equipment manufacturers (OEM's) at a 60% discount if that OEM agreed to pay a royalty to Microsoft for every single computer that they sold (Check 2) regardless if it had a Microsoft operating system installed on it or not. After the settlement, Microsoft would be forced to sell their operating systems according to the number of computers shipped with a Microsoft operating system installed, and not for computers that ran other operating systems. (Check 2) Another practice that the Justice Department accused Microsoft of was that Microsoft would specify a minimum number of minimum number of operating systems that the retailer had to buy, thus eliminating any chance for another operating system vendor to get their system installed until the retailer had installed all of the Microsoft operating systems that it had installed.(Maldoom 2) In addition to specifying a minimum number of operating systems that a vendor had to buy, Microsoft also would sign contracts with the vendors for long periods of time such as two or three years. In order for a new operating system to gain popularity, it would have to do so quickly, in order to show potential buyers that it was worth something. With Microsoft signing long term contracts, they eliminated the chance for a new operating system to gain the popularity needed, quickly.(Maldoom 2) Probably the second most controversial issue, besides the per processor agreement, was Microsoft's practice of tying. Tying was a practice in which Microsoft would use their leverage in one market area, such as graphical user interfaces, to gain leverage in another market, such as operating systems, where they may have competition.(Maldoom 2) In the preceding example, Microsoft would use their graphical user interface, Windows, to sell their operating system, DOS, by offering discounts to manufacturers that purchased both MS-DOS and Windows, and threatening to not sell Windows to companies who did not also purchase DOS. In the end, Microsoft decided to suck it up and sign the settlement agreement. In signing the agreement, Microsoft did not actually have to admit to any of the alleged charges, but were able to escape any type of formal punishment such as fines and the like. The settlement that Microsoft agreed to prohibits it, for the next six and a half years from: Charging for its operating system on the basis of computer shipped rather than on copies of MS-DOS shipped; Imposing minimum quantity commitments on manufacturers; Signing contracts for greater than one year; Tying the sale of MS_DOS to the sale of other Microsoft products;(Maldoom 1) Although these penalties look to put an end to all of Microsoft's evil practices, some people think that they are not harsh enough and that Microsoft should have been split up to put a stop to any chance of